when we took Puppers to a different vet she said he needed a special food for old dogs, it had fish oil in it or something, and he had a really bad reaction, he was so itchy and his hair fell out and he vomited, we took him off it and took him to my
regular vet and she tested him and hes allergic to fish. she told us that alot of older dogs that have never had fish develope a reaction to it, she had us put him on avoderm chicken and rice for seniors with joint meds in it.
I hope your dog gets well soon, and I would take him to the vet to make sure its a food allergy or something else.